A Correlative Study of Perceptual Learning Styles and Learners English Proficiency 感知学习风格与英语水平的相关性研究开题报告

 2022-12-26 22:59:10

1. 研究目的与意义

本研究针对英语专业学生，对其感知学习风格偏向与成绩的相关关系进行分析。

旨在让教师了解学生的学习风格，从而调整自己的教学风格，使教与学相匹配；同时也能帮助学生充分了解自己的学习风格，从而在学习中扬长避短。

2. 文献综述

Perceptual learning style belongs to the category of learning style, which is the sensory style used by individuals to receive and maintain new difficult information, that is, the preference of learning style. Learners use different sensory organs to receive information in the learning process. Learning style is a concept that reflects learners' individual differences. It is a cognitive, emotional and physiological behavior unique to learners. It reflects the learners' perception of information, interaction with the learning environment and learning style. Because of the individual differences of learners, the study of learning style has been paid more attention to by many disciplines such as educational psychology, learning theory, teaching theory and so on. In the west, it is regarded as the real foundation of modern teaching.Perceptual learning style first appeared in the field of cognitive psychology, and was later cited by second language acquisition researchers. Reid, a famous scholar at the University of Colorado in the United States, defined the cognitive learning style in 1987 as what kind of senses the learner used in the learning process to obtain information. And then perceptual learning style generally refers to the sensory channels that different individuals use to absorb and retain new and difficult information. Different scholars classify perceptual learning styles from different research perspectives, among which the more famous ones are Dunn and Reid.Dunn (1984) proves that the learner has four basic perceptual learning channels (or modalities): visual modality, auditory modality, tactile modality and kinesthetic modality.According to Reid, perceptual learning style refers to the means by which learners extract information from their surroundings by using the senses. Reid (2002) classified perceptual learning types as visual, auditory, kinesthetic, tactile, group and individual. Bailey (1998) studied the relationship between learning style and foreign language achievements by using the learning style tools. It was found that students with good foreign language achievements preferred informal classroom design rather than obtaining information through kinesthetic approach.Dunn et al. (1978) found that making students aware of their learning style and helping them develop study skills compatible with their preferred learning style had a positive effect on academic performance. In a similar vein, OBrien (1991), whose subjects represented a variety of majors including business, education, and arts and sciences, found that differences in learning styles were associated with academic achievement. Based on the results of a meta-analysis of 42 experimental studies, Dunn et al. (1995) claim that students who are taught by an approach compatible with their learning do better than those whose learning styles are not matched to teaching approaches. In a similar vein, Griggs and Dunn (1996) claim that students who learn from an approach compatible with their preferred learning style experience greater academic achievement and have a more positive attitude towards learning. Drysdale et al. (2001) carried out a study on the effect of learning style on the academic performance of 4,546 first-year students. Although they found academic performance based on learning style to be significant in 11 of the 19 courses, they found no significant differences between the learning style and academic performance of liberal arts and social sciences students. Castro and Peck (2005) carried out a study on learning styles and learning difficulties that foreign language students face at the college level and claim that a students preferred learning style can help or hinder success in the foreign language classroom. However, when they analyzed the distribution of grades according to Kolbs learning style types, they found no significant correlation between learning style and grades. Similarly, Tights (2007) study of English college students learning Spanish showed that students performed equally well on vocabulary tests regardless of perceptual learning style preference.Gao (2007) investigated the relationship between the perceptual learning style tendency and academic achievements of 98 language learners. The conclusions showed that language learners with good performances had different types of perceptual learning channels, and independent, visual and auditory are the three main perceptual learning styles. On the contrary, most students with poor performances only like a certain kind of perceptual learning style. Compared with foreign countries, our country started late on doing researches on the connection between perceptual learning styles and learners' English proficiency and a number of researches were aimed at non-English majors and junior high school students.Yu (1996), taking 149 undergraduate English majors as subjects, found that students with strong visual responses were more likely to learn worse than those with strong auditory responses and emotional responses.Tian (2009), aiming at 73 non-English major undergraduates, concluded that there was a significant correlation between haptic learning style and total English scores.Guan and Qi (2010) surveyed 48 English majors. The result showed a significant positive correlation between visual learning style and English listening performance. And individual learning style was positively correlated with English listening performance. There was a significant negative correlation between the tactile and kinesthetic learning style and English listening performance. But the auditory and group learning styles are not much relevant.Li and Zhang (2010) selected 180 junior high school students as survey subjects and found that visual, auditory, haptic and individual learning styles were significantly positively correlated with their overall English scores, while group learning style was significantly negatively correlated.Lu (2013) surveyed 762 students in the second year of junior high school and found that auditory, independent and visual learning styles were significantly correlated with foreign language listening and writing performance.Wang and Li (2014), taking 168 non-English majors as subjects, found that the auditory, visual and kinesthetic learning styles had lower correlation with listening scores and higher correlation with reading scores.

3. 设计方案和技术路线

本研究针对英语专业学生，对其感知学习风格偏向与成绩的相关关系进行分析。

旨在让教师了解学生的学习风格，从而调整自己的教学风格，使教与学相匹配；同时也能帮助学生充分了解自己的学习风格，从而在学习中扬长避短。

4. 工作计划

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5. 难点与创新点

Learning style-related theories are mainly used to study the individual differences of learners. In recent years, empirical research on learning styles has emerged in an endless stream, but most of them only study the learner's perceptual learning style bias or English achievements unilaterally. Besides, the correlation between the perceptual learning style and English achievements is rarely studied, and most of the research subjects are non-English majors.

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