The Language Structure and Formative Reasons of Transferred Epithet—take Chinese and English for instance开题报告

 2022-07-13 15:19:47

1. 研究目的与意义

Transferred Epithet is a special language phenomenon, as it transfers the property possessed by one thing to the modification of the other. It does not only exist in literal works, but also in daily communication. In recent years, transferred epithet has been studied by many scholars. And most of them studied this topic from a rhetorical view. They pay much more attention to the functions that transferred epithet brings. For example, the sentence #8220;they spent a sleepless night in the laboratory#8221;, when people study the transferred epithet they will pay more attention to the rhetorical effect, and how to interpret sentences with transferred epithet to Chinese, and interpret from Chinese to English. That is to say, most previous studies always do research on this topic from rhetoric functions, aesthetic functions and apply the results to the appreciation of literal work or to some translation jobs.

Here this article will explore the language structure and formative reasons. I will explore language structure from pragmatic and logic aspects. The language structure of transferred epithet conforms to pragmatic rules. That is the fundamental sentence is made of subject, predicate and object, the subject and object must be nominal phrase, the structure must be adjective noun(s), and transferred epithet conforms to this rule. However, when we analyze transferred epithet from the logic angle, we will find this kind of expression is ambivalent. Then how can it exist? We can explain it with the Autonomy-dependency analytical framework (ADAF). This framework can be only #8220;applied to those alignments whose dependent elements are deductive#8221;. Here this article will explore transferred epithet with ADAF. Furthermore, this article will also explore the formative reasons of transferred epithet. We will explore from psychological and cognitive aspects. Transferred epithet figures based on contiguity, this kind of rhetoric can be accepted by us mainly because this kind of expression can be accepted by our contiguity. Here we can refer to the Conceptual Blending theory (CBT), which is put forward by Fauconnier, can help us learn how can transferred epithet absorb by our brain and then how can the transferred epithet form.

This article will not study the topic from a big spectacle, but take Chinese and English as examples, analyze the language structure and formative reasons, and make comparisons between these two languages. Apart from this, we will integrate ADAF with CBT to study the formative reasons, to explain that the transferred epithet is not only a simple rhetorical method, but also a result from our imagination or the combination of contiguity. Therefore, transferred epithet is not a simple language phenomenon, but an anthropological phenomenon. This article aims at exploring deep reasons of the formation, help us to solve problems when we study a language, and make some rules of language, help language learners to apply different phenomenon to framework.

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2. 研究内容和预期目标

1.Introduction

In this part, I will give explanations of transferred epithet, and give some examples both in English and Chinese. I will also give some study results of many scholars, and analyze the effects of transferred epithet. At last, I will make a comparison between Chinese sentence and English sentence, and give my simple suggestions when we need to translate sentence with transferred epithet.

2.Types of language structure

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3. 国内外研究现状

Apart from definitions and classification of transferred epithet, scholars study transferred epithet from rhetorical, pragmatic, psychological and cognitive perspectives.

From the rhetorical perspective, transferred epithet is regarded as a figure of rhetoric which is usually used in literal works, especially in poems and novels. In China, most of early studies of transferred epithet are from rhetorical perspective. Wu Jun (2003) proposes that transferring of descriptive modifiers is a betrayal of the regular grammar. It is a breakthrough of the stable, traditional grammatical patterns as well. Fan Jiacai (1996) in his book 英语修辞赏析 gave detailed description of transferred epithet with examples, he also states that synaethesia belongs to transferred epithet. Many scholars are devoted to studying the effects of transferred epithet. Li Xinhua (2000) thinks that transferred epithet is short but full of beauty. Transferred epithet has aesthetic effects. Li Xinhua (2000), Zhong Fulan (2004), Yan Nina (2004) consider transferred epithet as a rhetorical device of supernormal collocation, and it is a sort of linguistic deviation, which can attract readers#8217; attention and full of beauty.

Some linguistics also study transferred epithet from the pragmatic aspect. The transferred epithet is a linguistic phenomenon, so it is necessary to study its pragmatic structure to make us understand. The American linguist Grice proposed Cooperative Principle(CP). Some linguists also apply CP to explain the mechanism of the operation and comprehension of transferred epithet. He Ziran put forward that transferred epithet is due to presupposition. That the information can be shared by communicators because at first there is a presupposition that they may share the same information in their brain. But from the pragmatic aspect, we can only know the mechanism of transferred epithet. We don#8217;t know the deeper reasons.

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4. 计划与进度安排

First, I need to collect transferred epithet examples, such as poems, novels, fictions or just a proverb. Then I need to study the effects of transferred epithet, and I need to observe the rules of the language. Second, I need to compare different translation versions of transferred epithet and study some scholars#8217; views on the translation of transferred epithet. Gaining all these knowledge, I should find a good way to translate transferred epithet. Third, I need to study linguistic knowledge, since I need to analyze transferred epithet from pragmatic perspective. Forth, the most important thing is to study most scholars#8217; views on transferred epithet, and recognizing all these materials is also very important. So I need to read a large amount of materials, and it is necessary for me to make a literate review before I start to arrange my thoughts.

5. 参考文献

[1] 汪立荣. 概念整合理论对移就的阐释[J]. 现代外语, 2005, 28(3):239-248.

[2] 梁玉国. 移就生成机制的认知研究[D]. 四川外语学院, 2011.

[3] 黄婉童. 自主一依存框架下移就辞格的认知研究[J]. 河南科技大学学报：社会科学版, 2011(3):75-79.

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